What is global warming? Global warming causes, effects, extreme weather, facts, and relation to climate change. Climate change is happening globally, but the effects can differ locally. Certain sectors, regions, and human populations are more vulnerable or have unique risks due to climate change. To learn more about the differing impacts faced by these parts of our environment and society, visit the Climate Change Impacts web area. Fossil fuels – coal, oil and gas – are by far the largest contributor to global climate change, accounting for over 75 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions and nearly 90 per cent ... “Climate change” encompasses global warming, but refers to the broader range of changes that are happening to our planet, including rising sea levels; shrinking mountain glaciers; accelerating ice melt in Greenland, Antarctica and the Arctic; and shifts in flower/plant blooming times.