The meaning of GRIEVANCE is a cause of distress (such as an unsatisfactory working condition) felt to afford reason for complaint or resistance. A grievance is a complaint or a strong feeling that you have been treated unfairly. Learn more about the meaning , synonyms, collocations and usage of grievance with Cambridge Dictionary. A grievance is a complaint . It can be formal, as when an employee files a grievance because of unsafe working conditions, or more of an emotional matter, like a grievance against an old friend who betrayed you.