Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that kills Gram-negative and some anaerobic bacteria. It is used topically or orally, but not by injection, and can cause kidney damage. Learn about its history, synthesis, medical uses and resistance mechanisms. Neomycin is primarily used to treat and manage hepatic coma and perioperative prophylaxis. Neomycin belongs to the aminoglycosides group of antibiotics, which functions by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, resulting in a bactericidal effect primarily against gram-negative bacteria. When admini … Find patient medical information for Neomycin (Mycifradin, Neo-Fradin) on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings, and user ratings