Pharmacodynamics:

Pharmacodynamics, an essential concept within preclinical trials, studies the biological and physiological effects of drugs on an organism. This tutorial outlines the basic principles of the concentration-effect relationship (pharmacodynamics) and illustrates the application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to predict the time course of immediate drug effects. Pharmacodynamics is a branch of pharmacology that focuses on understanding how drugs interact with the body to produce therapeutic effects. It explores the mechanisms of action of drugs and their effects on biological systems. Pharmacodynamic studies help healthcare professionals determine the relationship between drug concentration and pharmacological response, providing insights into drug efficacy, safety, and individual variability. Pharmacodynamics (sometimes described as what a drug does to the body) is the study of the biochemical, physiologic, and molecular effects of drugs on the body and involves receptor binding (including receptor sensitivity), postreceptor effects, and chemical interactions.