Respiratory system (Systema respiratorum) The respiratory system , also called the pulmonary system, consists of several organs that function as a whole to oxygenate the body through the process of respiration (breathing). This process involves inhaling air and conducting it to the lungs where gas exchange occurs, in which oxygen is extracted from the air, and carbon dioxide expelled from the body. The respiratory tract is divided into two sections at the level of the vocal cords; the upper ... What is a pulmonologist? A pulmonologist is a physician who specializes in lung conditions. They diagnose and treat diseases of the respiratory system, including your airways, alveoli (air sacs in your lungs) and blood vessels. The meaning of PULMONARY is of, relating to, affecting, or occurring in the lungs. How to use pulmonary in a sentence. Having to do with the lungs.