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Panchaytai Raj System Know Who Is Sarpanch , Pradhan And Mukhiya A sarpanch is a decision-maker, elected by the gram sabha (village government) in India. The term used to refer to the sarpanch can vary across different states of India, and the tenure is five years. The sarpanch of the gram panchayat presides over the meeting of the gram sabha. In his absence there is a Deputy Sarpanch and if both are absent, one of the members is elected as Chairman A Sarpanch is the elected head of a Gram Panchayat, which is the local self-government institution in villages across India. The term “ Sarpanch ” comes from the Sanskrit word “Sar” meaning “head” and “Panch” meaning “five”—originally referring to a council of five members. Today, the Sarpanch is the chief representative of the village and plays a vital role in rural administration.