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Learn about the statistical test used to compare the means of two groups and its origin from the work of William Sealy Gosset. Find out the differences between one-sample, two-sample, paired and unpaired t -tests and their applications. t-Test Author: Dr. Mathias Jesussek Updated: October 14, 2025 Medical example data The t-test is a statistical test procedure that tests whether there is a significant difference between the means of two groups. The two groups could be, for example, patients who received drug A one group receives A, a different group receives drug B, and you want to know if there is a difference in blood pressure between these two groups. A t-test is a tool for evaluating the means of one or two populations using hypothesis testing. Learn about types of t -tests, t-test assumptions and how to perform a t-test . T Test : Contents: What is a T Test ? Assumptions The T Score T Values and P Values Calculating the T Test What is a Paired T Test (Paired Samples T Test )? Pros and Cons of the t - test History of the t - test What is a T test ? A t - test (also called Student’s t - test ) is a statistical method used to assess the difference between the means of exactly two groups. It concentrates on a single numerical variable, rather than focusing on counts or relationships among multiple variables. When analyzing ...
